Homogeneity is frequently cited as a challenge in conducting systematic reviews of psychodynamic therapy. There are too many treatments and conditions.

Example systematic reviews

• Christiane Steinert (May 2017): Psychodynamic Therapy: As Efficacious as Other Empirically Supported Treatments? A Meta-Analysis Testing Equivalence of Outcomes

  • Counter: Ioana A. Cristea (Nov 2017) Equivalence of Psychodynamic Therapy to Other Established Treatments: Limited Supporting Evidence and Clinical Relevance

Example meta-reviews (review of meta-analyses)

• Peter Fogany (Jun 2015): The effectiveness of psychodynamic psychotherapies: An update

• Jonathan Shedler (Mar 2010): The Efficacy of Psychodynamic Therapy